Monday, May 29, 2017

The Upper Room Daily Reflections in Nashville, Tennessee, United States from Monday, 29 May 2017 through sunday, 4 June 2017

The Upper Room Daily Reflections in Nashville, Tennessee, United States from Monday, 29 May 2017 through sunday, 4 June 2017


Link to Upper Room Daily Reflections


"Ventures of Compassion" for Sunday, 4 June 2017
Today’s Reflection:
LEADING A MISSION TRIP requires many things. Most importantly, leaders are charged to guide others on a venture of compassion. Leaders accompany people into places where they may be moved by what they experience in serving others and standing in solidarity with them.
South African pastor Trevor Hudson identifies compassionate caring as the distinguishing mark of faithful discipleship: “Compassionate caring creatively balances the inward-outward dynamic so characteristic of Jesus’ life, saves us from falling prey to the latest fad in the spiritual supermarket, and catapults our lives into a deeper engagement with the brokenness of our world.” Hudson goes on to claim that making a pilgrimage with those who suffer is one practical way to cultivate the “grace-soaked” gift of compassion in our lives. [Don C. Richter, Mission Trips That Matter]
From page 44 of Mission Trips That Matter: Embodied Faith for the Sake of the World by Don C. Richter. Copyright © 2008 by Don C. Richter. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Upper Room Books. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

Where you do see compassion given and received?

Today’s Scripture:

When he had said this, he breathed on them and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit.” [John 20:22, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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Abba " for Saturday, 3 June 2017

Today’s Reflection:

JESUS, IN THE GOSPELS, assures us that at any age, even extreme old age, we are still beloved children in God’s eyes and may call God Daddy or even Mommy.
Jesus demonstrated this promise when he called his Father “Abba.” Abba and Amma were (and still are in Israel) familiar, intimate ways to address one’s parents. Jesus offers us the same relationship with his Father that he enjoyed and encourages us to enter into this gift of parent-child intimacy.
Jesus teaches that God does not sit in vengeful, harsh judgment of our every little (or big) sin. God is not waiting to catch us making mistakes. We may view ourselves as sinners, but God delights in us as beloved children. God waits in loving, parental care for all adult children to come and snuggle up in the lap of God’s loving safety and affectionate nurture. [Jane Marie Thibault, 10 Gospel Promises for Later Life]
From page 25 of 10 Gospel Promises for Later Life by Jane Marie Thibault. Copyright © 2004 by Jane Marie Thibault. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Upper Room Books. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

Is the image of God as Abba helpful or harmful to your spirit?

Today’s Scripture:

Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, so I send you.”  [John 20:21, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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"Poverty of Spirit" for Friday, 2 June 2017
Today’s Reflection:

“BLESSED ARE THE POOR IN SPIRIT,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.”
 [Matthew 5:3]

This beatitude offers us a spiritual life based not on performance but on dependence. … We have been socialized in a culture where rugged individualism and self-determination permeate our way of thinking. … An individualistic approach keeps us in control, makes us feel as if we are in charge of our spiritual lives. We can’t conceive of what it would mean to desire poverty of spirit, to depend on God for everything.
Poverty of spirit involves realizing that we cannot do what God wants by depending on our own skills, insight, or energy. This realization becomes the gate into God’s kingdom. If you’ve ever felt overwhelmed, aware of how impossible it is for you to do what God asks, you’ve been in touch with what it means to be “poor in spirit.” In this beatitude Christ invites us into a partnership that can change us, and through us, change the world: “All of you who know you can’t possibly do it, you’re the ones I want. You’re just the kind of people I can use.” [Mary Lou Redding,  The Power of a Focused Heart]
From pages 19 and 21 of The Power of a Focused Heart: 8 Life Lessons from the Beatitudes/. Copyright © 2006 by Mary Lou Redding. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Upper Room Books. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

When have you felt poor in spirit? Was there an experience of the kingdom of God related to that feeling?

Today’s Scripture:

For in the one Spirit we were all baptized into one body–Jews or Greeks, slaves or free–and we were all made to drink of one Spirit.  [1 Corinthians 12:13, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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"Breathing Through Grief" for Thursday, 1 June 2017
Today’s Reflection:

"Breathing Through Grief"
During a class I was teaching, I tried to breathe, but my breath was lost. I could feel my heart inside my chest as it exploded into a million little pieces of sorrow and grief. My chest hurt. I sucked air in through my nose, using every bit of conscious energy I could muster; then I breathed out through my mouth. As memories filled my mind, tears made their way down my cheeks. In front of a hundred sets of eyes, I experienced my son’s death all over again. How would I ever be able to move forward if sudden tidal waves of grief kept sneaking up on me and sweeping me out to sea?
From deep inside I heard the voice of truth say to me, “Death has been swallowed up in victory” (1 Corinthians 15:54b, NIV). God gently reminded me that I possess the same spirit that raised Lazarus from the dead. If I could find a way to make my son’s death point to the cross, healing would begin.
“In all things God works for the good of those who love him” (Romans 8:28a, NIV). I decided to choose life and to let God’s word heal me. I also spoke the word to others who have felt the pain of grief and loss, and my breath has returned to stay.  [Amy Davidson [Kenton, Tennessee], devozine, May-June 2017]
From page 35 of devozine, the devotional lifestyle magazine for teens, May/June 2017. Copyright © 2017 by The Upper Room. All rights reserved. For information on subscriptions, call 800.972.0433 or visit devozine.upperroom.org. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

When you are grieving, what helps you?

Today’s Scripture:

No one can say “Jesus is Lord” except by the Holy Spirit.  [1 Corinthians 12:3b, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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"Joy and Delight in Our Lives" for Wednesday, 31 May 2017


Today’s Reflection:

JOY AND PEACE come into our lives then, when we mind more about God than we do about ourselves, when we realize what the things that matter really are. The Spirit clears up our problems about what we want or ought to be at, simplifies us and throw us back again and again on the deep and peaceful action of God. Then, whether God speeds us up or slows us down, accepts our notions or sets them aside, gives us what we want or takes it away, gives us a useful job of work or puts us on the shelf, that serenity that is a fruit of the Spirit, a sign of God’s secret support, does not fail us . . . Joy’s very being is lost in the great tide of selfless delight – creation’s response to the infinite loving of God. But, of course, the point for us is that this selfless joy has got to go on at times when we ourselves are in the dark, obsessed by the sorrow of life, so that we feel no joy because we cannot gaze at the beauty. Joy is a fruit of the Spirit, not of our gratified emotions. “Come, bless the Lord, all you servants of the Lord, who stand by night in the house of the Lord! Lift up your hands to the holy place, and bless the Lord.”
[Evelyn Underhill - Keith Beasley-Topliffe, 
The Soul’s Delight]

From pages 31-32 of The Soul’s Delight: Selected Writings of Evelyn Underhill,edited by Keith Beasley-Topliffe. Copyright © 1998 by Upper Room Books. All rights reserved. Used by permission. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

When do you experience joy?

Today’s Scripture:

May my meditation be pleasing to him, for I rejoice in the LORD. [Psalm 104:34, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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"Abba, Source of Mercy" for Tuesday, 30 May 2017 

Today’s Reflection:

ABBA, help me to be a source of your mercy. Teach me to forgive others before I seek forgiveness for my own actions. Grant me the courage to extend your love to the stranger and the needy. Amen. [Christopher Maricle,  The Jesus Priorities: 8 Essential Habits]
From page 48 of The Jesus Priorities: 8 Essential Habits by Christopher Maricle. Copyright © 2007 by Christopher Maricle. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Upper Room Books. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

Why is it important to forgive others before you seek forgiveness?
Today’s Scripture:
O LORD, how manifold are your works! In wisdom you have made them all; the earth is full of your creatures.  [Psalm 104:24, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
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"Decisions" for Monday, 29 May 2017
Today’s Reflection:
Decision Making
WE HAVE TO MAKE many decisions, both small, often unconscious daily decisions and large, life-changing, and difficult decisions. In each small and large decision lies the possibility to be true to who we are or to go against our true nature. Usually several options present themselves, and we should feel free to make a good choice rather than anxious about identifying the one perfect choice God wants us to make.
God is very creative! When we make a good choice or decision, we have a sense of being “in tune” with ourselves, of releasing energy, of moving toward life. Our choice seems to be the right thing to do even if it is difficult or not what people expect of us. Ultimately such choices are good news for others too. [Ann Siddall and Gary Stuckey, Tending the Seed]
From pages 44-45 of Tending the Seed: Nurture Your God-Given Potential by Ann Siddall and Gary Stuckey. Copyright © 2005 by Ann Siddall and Gary Stuckey. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Upper Room Books. http://bookstore.upperroom.org/ Learn more about or purchase this book.

Today’s Question:

When have you felt good about a choice you have made? Describe what you felt.

Today’s Scripture:

And suddenly from heaven there came a sound like the rush of a violent wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting. Divided tongues, as of fire, appeared among them, and a tongue rested on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other languages, as the Spirit gave them ability. [Acts 2:2-4, NRSV]
This Week: pray for someone in need of courage.
Did You Know?
In need of prayer? The Upper Room Living Prayer Center is a 7-day-a-week intercessory prayer ministry staffed by trained volunteers. Call 1-800-251-2468 or visit The Living Prayer Center website.
This week we remember: Bede (May 25).
Bede
May 25

BedeKnown to us today as "The Venerable Bede," this saint was a wise one. He lived in England 673 to 735, spending his life from age 7 in the Wearmouth Abbey in Northumberland. As a Benedictine, his hours would have followed a regular schedule of worship and prayer, study, teaching, and writing.  
Bede wrote 25 commentaries on the Bible, many of which are still used today. He also wrote the book History of the English Church and People. Writing and teaching in English, Bede helped to spread the good news of Christianity to the Anglo-Saxon world. 
If St. Bede had taken the Spiritual Types Test, he definitely would have been a Sage. His feast day is May 25. (Art is an illustration from the 1493 book, the Nurenberg Chronicle.)
Lectionary Readings:
Sunday, 4 June 2017
(Courtesy of Vanderbilt Divinity Library)
Acts 2:1-21
Psalm 104:24-34, 35b
1 Corinthians 12:3b-13
John 20:19-23
Scripture text:
Acts 2:1 The festival of Shavu‘ot arrived, and the believers all gathered together in one place. Suddenly there came a sound from the sky like the roar of a violent wind, and it filled the whole house where they were sitting. Then they saw what looked like tongues of fire, which separated and came to rest on each one of them. They were all filled with the Ruach HaKodesh and began to talk in different languages, as the Spirit enabled them to speak.
Now there were staying in Yerushalayim religious Jews from every nation under heaven. When they heard this sound, a crowd gathered; they were confused, because each one heard the believers speaking in his own language. Totally amazed, they asked, “How is this possible? Aren’t all these people who are speaking from the Galil? How is it that we hear them speaking in our native languages? We are Parthians, Medes, Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Y’hudah, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, 10 Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome; 11 Jews by birth and proselytes; Jews from Crete and from Arabia. . . ! How is it that we hear them speaking in our own languages about the great things God has done?” 12 Amazed and confused, they all went on asking each other, “What can this mean?” 13 But others made fun of them and said, “They’ve just had too much wine!”
14 Then Kefa stood up with the Eleven and raised his voice to address them: “You Judeans, and all of you staying here in Yerushalayim! Let me tell you what this means! Listen carefully to me!
15 “These people aren’t drunk, as you suppose — it’s only nine in the morning. 16 No, this is what was spoken about through the prophet Yo’el:

17 Adonai says:
“In the Last Days,
I will pour out from my Spirit upon everyone.
Your sons and daughters will prophesy,
your young men will see visions,
your old men will dream dreams.
18 Even on my slaves, both men and women,
will I pour out from my Spirit in those days;
and they will prophesy.
19 I will perform miracles in the sky above
and signs on the earth below —
blood, fire and thick smoke.
20 The sun will become dark
and the moon blood
before the great and fearful Day of Adonai comes.
21 And then, whoever calls on the name of Adonai will be saved.”’[Acts 2:21 Joel 3:1–5(2:28–32)]
Psalm 104:24 What variety there is in your works, Adonai!How many [of them there are]!
In wisdom you have made them all;
the earth is full of your creations.

25 Look at the sea, so great, so wide!
It teems with countless creatures,
living beings, both large and small.
26 The ships are there, sailing to and fro;
Livyatan, which you formed to play there.

27 All of them look to you
to give them their food when they need it.
28 When you give it to them, they gather it;
when you open your hand, they are well satisfied.
29 If you hide your face, they vanish;
if you hold back their breath, they perish
and return to their dust.
30 If you send out your breath, they are created,
and you renew the face of the earth.
31 May the glory of Adonai last forever!
May Adonai rejoice in his works!
32 When he looks at the earth, it trembles;
when he touches the mountains, they pour out smoke.
33 I will sing to Adonai as long as I live,
sing praise to my God all my life.
34 May my musings be pleasing to him;
I will rejoice in Adonai.
35 May sinners vanish from the earth
and the wicked be no more!
Bless Adonai, my soul!

Halleluyah!
1 Corinthians 12:Therefore, I want to make it clear to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God ever says, “Yeshua is cursed!” and no one can say, “Yeshua is Lord,” except by the Ruach HaKodesh.
Now there are different kinds of gifts, but the same Spirit gives them. Also there are different ways of serving, but it is the same Lord being served. And there are different modes of working, but it is the same God working them all in everyone. Moreover, to each person is given the particular manifestation of the Spirit that will be for the common good. To one, through the Spirit, is given a word of wisdom; to another, a word of knowledge, in accordance with the same Spirit; to another, faith, by the same Spirit; and to another, gifts of healing, by the one Spirit; 10 to another, the working of miracles; to another, prophecy; to another, the ability to judge between spirits; to another, the ability to speak in different kinds of tongues; and to yet another, the ability to interpret tongues. 11 One and the same Spirit is at work in all these things, distributing to each person as he chooses. 12 For just as the body is one but has many parts; and all the parts of the body, though many, constitute one body; so it is with the Messiah. 13 For it was by one Spirit that we were all immersed into one body, whether Jews or Gentiles, slaves or free; and we were all given the one Spirit to drink.
John 20:19 In the evening that same day, the first day of the week, when the talmidim were gathered together behind locked doors out of fear of the Judeans, Yeshua came, stood in the middle and said, “Shalom aleikhem!” 20 Having greeted them, he showed them his hands and his side. The talmidim were overjoyed to see the Lord. 21 Shalom aleikhem!” Yeshua repeated. “Just as the Father sent me, I myself am also sending you.” 22 Having said this, he breathed on them and said to them, “Receive the Ruach HaKodesh! 23 If you forgive someone’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you hold them, they are held.”
John Wesley's Notes-Commentary: Acts 2:1-21
The Book of Acts
Chapter 2
Verses:
2:1At the pentecost of Sinai, in the Old Testament, and the pentecost of Jerusalem, in the New, where the two grand manifestations of God, the legal and the evangelical; the one from the mountain, and the other from heaven; the terrible, and the merciful one. They were all with one accord in one place - So here was a conjunction of company, minds, and place; the whole hundred and twenty being present.
2:2And suddenly there came a sound from heaven - So will the Son of man come to judgment. And it filled all the house - That is, all that part of the temple where they were sitting.
2:3And there appeared distinct tongues, as of fire - That is, small flames of fire. This is all which the phrase, tongues of fire, means in the language of the seventy. Yet it might intimate God's touching their tongues as it were (together with their hearts) with Divine fire: his giving them such words as were active and penetrating, even as flaming fire.
2:4And they began to speak with other tongues - The miracle was not in the ears of the hearers, (as some have unaccountably supposed,) but in the mouth of the speakers. And this family praising God together, with the tongues of all the world, was an earnest that the whole world should in due time praise God in their various tongues. As the Spirit gave them utterance - Moses, the type of the law, was of a slow tongue; but the Gospel speaks with a fiery and flaming one.
2:5And there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews - Gathered from all parts by the peculiar providence of God.
2:6The multitude came together, and were confounded - The motions of their minds were swift and various.
2:9Judea - The dialect of which greatly differed from that of Galilee. Asia - The country strictly so called.
2:10Roman sojourners - Born at Rome, but now living at Jerusalem.These seem to have come to Jerusalem after those who are above mentioned. All of them were partly Jews by birth, and partly proselytes.
2:11Cretans - One island seems to be mentioned for all. The wonderful works of God - Probably those which related to the miracles, death, resurrection, and ascension of Christ, together with the effusion of his Spirit, as a fulfilment of his promises, and the glorious dispensations of Gospel grace.
2:12They were all amazed - All the devout men.
2:13But others mocking - The world begins with mocking, thence proceeds to cavilling, Acts 4:7 ; to threats, 4:17; to imprisoning, Acts 5:18 ; blows, 5:40; to slaughter, Acts 7:58 . These mockers appear to have been some of thenatives of Judea, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, (who understood only the dialect of the country,) by the apostle's immediately directing his discourse to them in the next verse. They are full of sweet wine - So the Greek word properly signifies. There was no new wine so early in the year as pentecost. Thus natural men are wont to ascribe supernatural things to mere natural causes; and many times as impudently and unskilfully as in the present case.
2:14Then Peter standing up - All the gestures, all the words of Peter, show the utmost sobriety; lifted up his voice - With cheerfulness and boldness; and said to them - This discourse has three parts; each of which, Acts 2:14 ,22,29, begins with the same appellation, men: only to the last part he prefixes with more familiarity the additional word brethren. Men of Judea - That is, ye that are born in Judea. St. Peter spoke in Hebrew,which they all understood.
2:15It is but the third hour of the day - That is, nine in the morning. And on the solemn festivals the Jews rarely ate or drank any thing till noon.
2:16But this is that which was spoken of by the prophet - But there is another and better way of accounting for this. >Joel 2:28
2:17The times of the Messiah are frequently called the last days, the Gospel being the last dispensation of Divine grace.I will pour out of my Spirit - Not on the day of pentecost only, upon all flesh - On persons of every age, sex, and rank. And your young men shall see visions - In young men the outward sense, are most vigorous, and the bodily strength is entire, whereby they are best qualified to sustain the shock which usually attends the visions of God. In old men the internal senses are most vigorous, suited to divine dreams. Not that the old are wholly excluded from the former, nor the young from the latter.
2:18And upon my servants - On those who are literally in a state of servitude.
2:19And I will show prodigies in heaven above, and signs on earth beneath - Great revelations of grace are usually attended with great judgments on those who reject it. In heaven - Treated of, Acts 2:20 .On earth - Described in this verse. Such signs were those mentioned, Acts 2:22 , before the passion of Christ; which are so mentioned as to include also those at the very time of the passion and resurrection, at the destruction of Jerusalem, and at the end of the world. Terrible indeed were those prodigies in particular which precededthe destruction of Jerusalem: such as the flaming sword hanging over the city, and the fiery comet pointing down upon it for a year; the light that shone upon the temple and the altar in the night, as if it had been noon - day; the opening of the great and heavy gate of the temple without hands; the voice heard from the most holy place, Let us depart hence; the admonition of Jesus the son of Ananus, crying for seven years together, Wo, wo, wo; the vision of contending armies in the air, and of entrenchments thrown up against a city there represented; the terrible thunders and lightnings, and dreadful earthquakes, which every one considered as portending some great evil: all which, through the singular providence of God, are particularly recorded by Josephus.Blood - War and slaughter. Fire - Burnings of houses and towns, involving all in clouds of smoke.
2:20The moon shall be turned into blood - A bloody colour: before the day of the Lord - Eminently the last day; though not excluding any other day or season, wherein the Lord shall manifest his glory, in taking vengeance of his adversaries.
2:21But - whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord - This expression implies the whole of religion, and particularly prayer uttered in faith; shall be saved - From all those plagues; from sin and hell.
Psalm 104:24-34, 35b
1 Corinthians 12:3b-13
12:3Therefore - Since the heathen idols cannot speak themselves, much less give spiritual gifts to others, these must necessarily be among Christians only. As no one speaking by the Spirit of God calleth Jesus accursed - That is, as none who does this, (which all the Jews and heathens did,) speaketh by the Spirit of God - Is actuated by that Spirit, so as to speak with tongues, heal diseases, or cast out devils. So no one can say, Jesus is the Lord - None can receive him as such; for, in the scripture language, to say, or to believe, implies an experimental assurance. But by the Holy Ghost - The sum is, None have the Holy Spirit but Christians: all Christians have this Spirit.
12:4There are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit - Divers streams, but all from one fountain. This verse speaksof the Holy Ghost, the next of Christ, the sixth of God the Father. The apostle treats of the Spirit, 12:7 , &c.; of Christ, 12:12 , &c.; of God, 12:28 , &c.
12:5Administrations - Offices. But the same Lord appoints them all.
12:6Operations - Effects produced. This word is of a larger extent than either of the former. But it is the same God who worketh all these effects in all the persons concerned.
12:7The manifestation - The gift whereby the Spirit manifests itself. Is given to each - For the profit of the whole body.
12:8The word of wisdom - A power of understanding and explaining the manifold wisdom of God in the grand scheme of gospel salvation. The word of knowledge - Perhaps an extraordinary ability to understand and explain the Old Testament types and prophecies.
12:9Faith may here mean an extraordinary trust in God under the most difficult or dangerous circumstances. The gift of healing need not be wholly confined to the healing diseases with a word or a touch. It may exert itself also, though in a lower degree, where natural remedies are applied; and it may often be this, not superior skill, which makes some physicians more successful than others. And thus it may be with regard to other gifts likewise. As, after the golden shields were lost, the king of Judah put brazen in their place, so, after the pure gifts were lost, the power of God exerts itself in a more covert manner, under human studies and helps; and that the more plentifully, according as there is the more room given for it.
12:10The working of other miracles. Prophecy - Foretelling things to come. The discerning - Whether men be of an upright spirit or no; whether they have natural or supernatural gifts for offices in the church; and whether they who profess to speak by inspiration speak from a divine, a natural, or a diabolical spirit.
12:11As he willeth - The Greek word does not so much imply arbitrary pleasure, as a determination founded on wise counsel.
12:12So is Christ - That is, the body of Christ, the church.
12:13For by that one Spirit, which we received in baptism, we are all united in one body. Whether Jews or gentiles - Who are at the greatest distance from each other by nature.Whether slaves or freemen - Who are at the greatest distance by law and custom. We have all drank of one Spirit - In that cup, received by faith, we all imbibed one Spirit, who first inspired, and still preserves, the life of God in our souls.
John 20:19-23

20:19Mark 16:14 john 20: , Luke 24:36 , .
20:21Peace be unto you - This is the foundation of the mission of a true Gospel minister, peace in his own soul, 4:1 .As the Father hath sent me, so send I you - Christ was the apostle of the Father, Hebrews 3:1 . Peter and the rest, the apostles of Christ.
20:22He breathed on them - New life and vigour, and saith, as ye receive this breath out of my mouth, so receive ye the Spirit out of my fulness: the Holy Ghost influencing you in a peculiar manner, to fit you for your great embassy. This was an earnest of pentecost.
20:23Whose soever sins ye remit - (According to the tenor of the Gospel, that is, supposing them to repent and believe) they are remitted, and whose soever sins ye retain (supposing them to remain impenitent) they are retained. So far is plain. But here arises a difficulty. Are not the sins of one who truly repents, and unfeignedly believes in Christ, remitted, without sacerdotal absolution? And are not the sins of one who does not repent or believe, retained even with it? What then does this commission imply? Can it imply any more than,
  1. A power of declaring with authority the Christian terms of pardon; whose sins are remitted and whose retained? As in our daily form of absolution; and
  2. A power of inflicting and remitting ecclesiastical censures? That is, of excluding from, and re - admitting into, a Christian congregation.
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